[HTML][HTML] Smad and AML proteins synergistically confer transforming growth factor β1 responsiveness to human germ-line IgA genes
E Pardali, XQ Xie, P Tsapogas, S Itoh… - Journal of Biological …, 2000 - ASBMB
Transcription of germ-line immunoglobulin heavy chain genes conditions them to participate
in isotype switch recombination. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) stimulates
promoter elements located upstream of the IgA1 and IgA2 switch regions, designated Iα1
and Iα2, and contributes to the development of IgA responses. We demonstrate that
intracellular Smad proteins mediate activation of the Iα1 promoter by TGF-β. TGF-β type 1
receptor (ALK-5), activin type IB receptor (ALK-4), and the" orphan" ALK-7 trans-activate the …
in isotype switch recombination. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) stimulates
promoter elements located upstream of the IgA1 and IgA2 switch regions, designated Iα1
and Iα2, and contributes to the development of IgA responses. We demonstrate that
intracellular Smad proteins mediate activation of the Iα1 promoter by TGF-β. TGF-β type 1
receptor (ALK-5), activin type IB receptor (ALK-4), and the" orphan" ALK-7 trans-activate the …
