[HTML][HTML] Covalent peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ adduction by nitro-fatty acids: selective ligand activity and anti-diabetic signaling actions

FJ Schopfer, MP Cole, AL Groeger, CS Chen… - Journal of biological …, 2010 - ASBMB
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) binds diverse ligands to
transcriptionally regulate metabolism and inflammation. Activators of PPARγ include lipids
and anti-hyperglycemic drugs such as thiazolidinediones (TZDs). Recently, TZDs have
raised concern after being linked with increased risk of peripheral edema, weight gain, and
adverse cardiovascular events. Most reported endogenous PPARγ ligands are
intermediates of lipid metabolism and oxidation that bind PPARγ with very low affinity. In …