[HTML][HTML] Derivation of an amino acid similarity matrix for peptide: MHC binding and its application as a Bayesian prior

Y Kim, J Sidney, C Pinilla, A Sette, B Peters - BMC bioinformatics, 2009 - Springer
BMC bioinformatics, 2009Springer
Background Experts in peptide: MHC binding studies are often able to estimate the impact of
a single residue substitution based on a heuristic understanding of amino acid similarity in
an experimental context. Our aim is to quantify this measure of similarity to improve peptide:
MHC binding prediction methods. This should help compensate for holes and bias in the
sequence space coverage of existing peptide binding datasets. Results Here, a novel amino
acid similarity matrix (PMBEC) is directly derived from the binding affinity data of …
Background
Experts in peptide:MHC binding studies are often able to estimate the impact of a single residue substitution based on a heuristic understanding of amino acid similarity in an experimental context. Our aim is to quantify this measure of similarity to improve peptide:MHC binding prediction methods. This should help compensate for holes and bias in the sequence space coverage of existing peptide binding datasets.
Results
Here, a novel amino acid similarity matrix (PMBEC) is directly derived from the binding affinity data of combinatorial peptide mixtures. Like BLOSUM62, this matrix captures well-known physicochemical properties of amino acid residues. However, PMBEC differs markedly from existing matrices in cases where residue substitution involves a reversal of electrostatic charge. To demonstrate its usefulness, we have developed a new peptide:MHC class I binding prediction method, using the matrix as a Bayesian prior. We show that the new method can compensate for missing information on specific residues in the training data. We also carried out a large-scale benchmark, and its results indicate that prediction performance of the new method is comparable to that of the best neural network based approaches for peptide:MHC class I binding.
Conclusion
A novel amino acid similarity matrix has been derived for peptide:MHC binding interactions. One prominent feature of the matrix is that it disfavors substitution of residues with opposite charges. Given that the matrix was derived from experimentally determined peptide:MHC binding affinity measurements, this feature is likely shared by all peptide:protein interactions. In addition, we have demonstrated the usefulness of the matrix as a Bayesian prior in an improved scoring-matrix based peptide:MHC class I prediction method. A software implementation of the method is available at: http://www.mhc-pathway.net/smmpmbec .
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