[HTML][HTML] The viral interferon regulatory factors of KSHV: immunosuppressors or oncogenes?

SR Jacobs, B Damania - Frontiers in immunology, 2011 - frontiersin.org
SR Jacobs, B Damania
Frontiers in immunology, 2011frontiersin.org
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a large double-stranded DNA
gammaherpesvirus, and the etiological agent for three human malignancies: Kaposi's
sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and multicentric Castleman's disease. To establish
and maintain infection, KSHV has evolved unique mechanisms to evade the host immune
response. Cellular interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) are a critical part of the host anti-viral
immune response. KSHV encodes four homologs of IRFs, vIRF1–4, which inhibit the activity …
Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a large double-stranded DNA gammaherpesvirus, and the etiological agent for three human malignancies: Kaposi’s sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and multicentric Castleman’s disease. To establish and maintain infection, KSHV has evolved unique mechanisms to evade the host immune response. Cellular interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) are a critical part of the host anti-viral immune response. KSHV encodes four homologs of IRFs, vIRF1–4, which inhibit the activity of their cellular counterparts. vIRF1, 2, and 3 have been shown to interact directly with cellular IRFs. Additionally, the vIRFs have other functions such as modulation of Myc, p53, Notch, transforming growth factor-β, and NF-κB signaling. These activities of vIRFs may contribute to KSHV tumorigenesis. KSHV vIRF1 and vIRF3 have been implicated as oncogenes, making the understanding of KSHV vIRF function vital to understanding KSHV pathogenesis.
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