Reinvigorating exhausted HIV-specific T cells via PD-1–PD-1 ligand blockade

GJ Freeman, EJ Wherry, R Ahmed… - The Journal of …, 2006 - rupress.org
The Journal of experimental medicine, 2006rupress.org
The programmed death (PD)-1–PD-1 ligand (PD-L) pathway, which is part of the B7–CD28
family, consists of the PD-1 receptor and its two ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2. Engagement of
PD-1 by its ligands inhibits immune responses, and recent work has shown that PD-1 is
highly expressed on exhausted T cells during chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
(LCMV) infection in mice. Blockade of this pathway reinvigorates the exhausted T cells,
allowing them to expand and produce effector cytokines, raising the issue of whether this …
The programmed death (PD)-1–PD-1 ligand (PD-L) pathway, which is part of the B7–CD28 family, consists of the PD-1 receptor and its two ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2. Engagement of PD-1 by its ligands inhibits immune responses, and recent work has shown that PD-1 is highly expressed on exhausted T cells during chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection in mice. Blockade of this pathway reinvigorates the exhausted T cells, allowing them to expand and produce effector cytokines, raising the issue of whether this pathway has been exploited by a variety of viruses during chronic infection. New studies now extend these observations to HIV infection and human disease.
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