Central leptin gene therapy ameliorates diabetes type 1 and 2 through two independent hypothalamic relays; a benefit beyond weight and appetite regulation

SP Kalra - Peptides, 2009 - Elsevier
Although its role in energy homeostasis is firmly established, the evidence accumulated over
a decade linking the adipocyte leptin–hypothalamus axis in the pathogenesis of diabetes
mellitus has received little attention in the contemporary thinking. In this context various lines
of evidence are collated here to show that (1) under the direction of leptin two independent
relays emanating from the hypothalamus restrain insulin secretion from the pancreas and
mobilize peripheral organs–liver, skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue–to upregulate …