Fc receptor (FcR)–mediated phagocytosis requires activation of the Rho GTPases Cdc42 and Rac1, but how they are recruited to the FcR is unknown. Here we show that the calcium-promoted Ras inactivator (CAPRI), a Ras GTPase-activating protein, functions as an adaptor for Cdc42 and Rac1 during FcR-mediated phagocytosis. CAPRI-deficient macrophages had impaired FcγR-mediated phagocytosis and oxidative burst, as well as defective activation of Cdc42 and Rac1. CAPRI interacted constitutively with both Cdc42 and Rac1 and translocated to phagocytic cups during FcγR-mediated phagocytosis. CAPRI-deficient mice had an impaired innate immune response to bacterial infection. These results suggest that CAPRI provides a link between FcγR and Cdc42 and Rac1 and is essential for innate immune responses.