Regulation of mTORC1 by amino acids

L Bar-Peled, DM Sabatini - Trends in cell biology, 2014 - cell.com
Trends in cell biology, 2014cell.com
The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex I (mTORC1) is a central regulator of cellular
and organismal growth, and hyperactivation of this pathway is implicated in the
pathogenesis of many human diseases including cancer and diabetes. mTORC1 promotes
growth in response to the availability of nutrients, such as amino acids, which drive mTORC1
to the lysosomal surface, its site of activation. How amino acid levels are communicated to
mTORC1 is only recently coming to light by the discovery of a lysosome-based signaling …
The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex I (mTORC1) is a central regulator of cellular and organismal growth, and hyperactivation of this pathway is implicated in the pathogenesis of many human diseases including cancer and diabetes. mTORC1 promotes growth in response to the availability of nutrients, such as amino acids, which drive mTORC1 to the lysosomal surface, its site of activation. How amino acid levels are communicated to mTORC1 is only recently coming to light by the discovery of a lysosome-based signaling system composed of Rags (Ras-related GTPases) and Ragulator v-ATPase, GATOR (GAP activity towards Rags), and folliculin (FLCN) complexes. Increased understanding of this pathway will not only provide insight into growth control but also into the human pathologies triggered by its deregulation.
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