The field of sugar metabolism, and fructose metabolism in particular, has experienced a
resurgence of interest in the past decade. The “fructose hypothesis” alleges that the fructose
component common to all major caloric sweeteners (sucrose, high-fructose corn syrup,
honey, and fruit juice concentrates) plays a unique and causative role in the increasing rates
of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, and nonalcoholic fatty liver
disease. This review challenges the fructose hypothesis by comparing normal US levels and …