We used an experimental murine model of accelerated aging, the senescence-accelerated mouse (SAM), to examine the effect of age-associated cardiac hypertrophy on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) expression and activity in the heart. Senescence-accelerated prone mice (SAM-P8) showed cardiac hypertrophy compared with senescence-accelerated resistant mice (SAM-R1). Furthermore, a decrease in PPARα messenger RNA (mRNA; 28% reduction, p <.001) and protein (47%, p <.05) levels and in PPAR DNA-binding activity was observed in SAM-P8 hearts. Increased protein–protein interaction between PPARα and the p65 subunit of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) was found, suggesting that this mechanism may prevent PPARα from binding to its response elements. The mRNA levels of PPARα target genes involved in fatty acid use were strongly suppressed in SAM-P8, which was consistent with the accumulation of ceramide in SAM-P8 hearts (2.5-fold induction, p <.05). These findings suggest that NF-κB activation in SAM-P8 heart prevents PPARα from binding to its response elements leading to changes in gene expression that may lead to ceramide accumulation in the aged heart.