Regulation and biological activities of the autotaxin–LPA axis

LA Van Meeteren, WH Moolenaar - Progress in lipid research, 2007 - Elsevier
Autotaxin (ATX), or nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2 (NPP2), is an exo-
enzyme originally identified as a tumor cell autocrine motility factor. ATX is unique among
the NPPs in that it primarily functions as a lysophospholipase D, converting
lysophosphatidylcholine into the lipid mediator lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). LPA acts on
specific G protein-coupled receptors to elicit a wide range of cellular responses, ranging
from cell proliferation and migration to neurite remodeling and cytokine production. While …